Amamitha ahlakaniphileziyitheminali ehlakaniphile yegridi ehlakaniphile.Ukuze uvumelane nokusetshenziswa kwegridi ehlakaniphile namandla avuselelekayo, inemisebenzi yokugcina ulwazi lwamandla, isilinganiso se-bi-direction multiple-tariff, isilawuli somsebenzisi wokugcina, imodi ehlukahlukene yokudlulisa idatha yomsebenzi wokuxhumana wedatha yezindlela ezimbili kanye nomsebenzi wokulwa nokuphazanyiswa, ngaphandle komsebenzi wokulinganisa kwemitha yehora le-watt kagesi evamile.
Isimiso sokusebenza semitha kagesi ehlakaniphile ukuthi imitha kagesi iqala ikhiqize idatha: Ingxenye yokuguqulwa kwe-A/D isampula amasiginali e-analogi ibe amasignali edijithali, bese ibala futhi ihlaziye idatha yamandla nge-chip microcomputer eyodwa kumitha.Ngemuva kwalokho, idatha igcinwe kunqolobane ye-cache, futhi umsebenzisi angayifunda ngokusebenzisa isikhombimsebenzisi esihambisanayo kanye nephrothokholi.Ngokusho kokusetshenziswa kwamamitha kagesi, khona-ke abakhiqizi abahlukene bazosebenzisa i-infrared, intambo, i-wireless, i-GPRS, i-Ethernet nezinye izindlela zokudlulisa idatha kuseva, ukuze kuzuzwe ukufundwa kwamamitha akude.
Intuthuko yamanje yemboni yamamitha ahlakaniphile yaseChina ibonakala ngokushintshashintsha, ukuxhumana, ukuhleleka kanye nobuhlakani ngokuncika kugridi ehlakaniphile kanye nomqondo wokuphatha wesimanje kanye nokusebenzisa i-Advanced measurement Architecture (AMI), ukulawula okuphumelelayo, ukuxhumana ngesivinini esikhulu, ukugcinwa okusheshayo nobunye ubuchwepheshe. .Ukuthembeka okuphezulu, ubuhlakani, ukunemba okuphezulu, ukusebenza okuphezulu kanye nepharamitha eminingi kuzoba umkhuba wokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bamamitha kagesi.
Imisebenzi ye-modular yamamitha ahlakaniphile
Njengamanje, umklamo osebenzayo ohlanganisiwe usetshenziswa kabanzi kumamitha kagesi.Ukusebenza kwemodyuli yemitha yemitha kagesi kuthinteka kalula ngokuklanywa kwezinye i-hardware nesofthiwe, kuyilapho ingxenye yemitha yemitha kagesi ithinteka kalula ngokulimala noma ukwehluleka kweminye imisebenzi.Ngakho-ke, uma imitha kagesi ihluleka, yonke imitha ingashintshwa kuphela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle kwemitha yamandla.Lokhu kuzonyusa izindleko zokunakekelwa kwamamitha kagesi ahlakaniphile, kodwa futhi kudale ukumoshakala okukhulu kwezinsiza.Uma umklamo we-modular wemitha kagesi ehlakaniphile utholwa, imodyuli yephutha ehambisanayo kuphela ingashintshwa ngokuya ngephuzu lephutha.Lokhu kuzonciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokunakekelwa kwansuku zonke zezinkampani zamandla angaphansi kwe-prefectural.
Ukuze kuvinjwe uhlelo lwamamitha kagesi ukuthi lungaphazanyiswa futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokwethembeka komsebenzi wokumitha wamamitha kagesi, i-State Grid Corporation yaseChina ayikuvumeli ukuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe ye-inthanethi yamamitha kagesi.Ngokusabalala okuphelele kwamamitha kagesi ahlakaniphile eShayina, izinkinga eziningi nezimfuno ziyavela.Ukuze kuxazululwe izinkinga ezindala futhi kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezintsha, i-State Grid Company ingakwazi ukwenza ithenda entsha kuphela ngokubuyekeza amazinga.Izinkampani zikamasipala wendawo zingasusa kuphela wonke amamitha kagesi abekiwe zifake amasha.Le ndlela yokuthuthukisa ayigcini nje ngokuba nomjikelezo omude kanye nezindleko eziphezulu, kodwa futhi ibangela ukumosheka kwezinsiza ezinkulu, okuletha ingcindezi enkulu yezindleko kanye nokucindezela kokwakhiwa kwenkampani yeGridi yesifundazwe.Uma idizayini ye-modular yamamitha kagesi ahlakaniphile yenziwa, izingxenye zamamitha kagesi nezingewona amamitha zingaklanywa zibe amamojula asebenzayo azimele.Ukuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe kanye nezingxenyekazi zekhompiyutha zamamojula angasebenzi we-non-metrological ngeke kuthinte amamojula angumongo we-metrological.Lokhu akuqinisekisi kuphela ukuphepha nokuthembeka komsebenzi wokulinganisa wamamitha kagesi, kodwa futhi kuhlangabezana nezidingo eziguqukayo zokusebenza zabahlali ohlelweni lokusebenzisa ugesi.
Imitha kagesi izosebenzisa isakhiwo se-modular.Izoqukatha isisekelo nezinye izingxenye zokuxhumana eziguquguqukayo, izesekeli ze-I/O, izesekeli zokulawula namamojula, anokusebenza okwenziwa ngokwezifiso.Wonke amamojula angashintshwa futhi ahlanganiswe ukuze kuzuzwe ukucushwa okuhlukile kokusebenza ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezahlukene.Ngaphezu kwalokho, zonke izingxenye namamojula angaxhunywa futhi adlalwe, ukuhlonza okuzenzakalelayo.
I-Software izophinde ibe yi-modular esikhathini esizayo, ngokusekelwe ohlelweni lokusebenza oluhlangene, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukwakheka kwesofthiwe eyisisekelo yamatheminali ahlakaniphile kuyahambisana, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuvumelana kwesofthiwe yetheminali ehlakaniphile.
Idizayini ye-modular yamamitha kagesi ahlakaniphile inezinzuzo ezilandelayo: Okokuqala, kuphela ngokushintsha ingxenye yamamojula asebenzayo lapho amamitha kagesi angathuthukiswa futhi ashintshwe ngaphandle kokufaka wonke amamitha kagesi, ukuze kuqedwe ukukhubazeka kokushintshwa kwenqwaba, ukuqedwa. kanye nokwakhiwa kabusha kwesistimu okubangelwa ukungaguquki ekwakhiweni kwamamitha kagesi wendabuko;Okwesibili, ngenxa ye-modularization yemisebenzi kanye nokumiswa kwesakhiwo, kungenzeka ukuguqula ukuncika ngokweqile kwenkampani yamandla emikhiqizweni yomkhiqizi imitha eyodwa, futhi unikeze ithuba lokucwaninga nokuthuthukiswa kwamamitha kagesi ajwayelekile.Okwesithathu, amamojula anephutha angathathelwa indawo ukuthuthukiswa okusendaweni noma okukude ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukugcinwa nokulondoloza izindleko zokulungisa.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwesixhumi esibonakalayo samamitha ahlakaniphile
Ukuvela kwamamitha kagesi ukusuka kumamitha emishini amadala ukuya kumamitha ahlakaniphile kuhlanganisa inqubo yokuhlanganisa ukuxhumana kwamamitha kagesi.I-smart Grid idinga ukubhida amashumi ezigidi zamamitha wamahora we-watt ngonyaka.Inani likhulu, lihlanganisa amakhulukhulu efekthri yamamitha, abahlinzeki bama-chip, amachweba, abahlinzeki, kusukela ku-R&D kuya ekulungisweni kokukhiqiza, bese kuya ekufakweni.Uma lingekho izinga elihlanganisiwe, lizonyusa izindleko zokutholwa okukhulu, izindleko zokuphatha.Kubasebenzisi bamandla, izinhlobonhlobo zezindawo zokusebenzelana ziboshiwe ukuthi zithinte ulwazi lomsebenzisi nokuphepha kohlelo lokusebenza.Imitha kagesi ehlakaniphile ene-interface ehlanganisiwe ibona ukumiswa komklamo wocwaningo nentuthuko, ukuzenzekelayo kokuqinisekisa ukukhiqizwa, ukumiswa kokuphathwa kwendawo yokugcina impahla, ukuhlanganiswa kokusebenza nokufakwa, kanye nokwaziswa kokukhokhelwa kwekhophi nokufunda.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokugqugquzelwa kohlelo lokuqoqwa kwamamitha amane amanzi, ugesi, igesi nokushisa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-inthanethi yezinto zobuchwepheshe, amamitha kagesi ahlakaniphile anezindawo ezihlanganisiwe ziyimikhiqizo evumelana nenkathi yolwazi, evumelana ne izici zobuhlakani nolwazi lwe-hardware ehlakaniphile, futhi ihlangabezana nesidingo semakethe sokuxhumana kwazo zonke izinto.
Ngokwesixhumi esibonakalayo, isisekelo kanye nemojula kuzofezeka ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokusebenzisana okuzenzakalelayo nokuqashelwa okuzenzakalelayo esikhathini esizayo, futhi ukwenziwa kahle kwephrothokholi yokuxhumana kuzofezeka.Ngokusekelwe kukho ukuze kuzuzwe ukwenza ngokwezifiso okusebenzayo, imodeli yesofthiwe yohlelo lokusebenza iyadingeka ukuze ihlanganiswe.Ngokusekelwe kule modeli, amamojula ahlukene asebenzayo angathuthukiswa ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo ezahlukene.
Izingxenye ezibalulekile zesiguquli se-interface yezokuxhumana ziyi-modular ekwakhiweni futhi zingasekela ubuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene bokuxhumana, okuhlanganisa ukuxhumana kwenkampani yenethiwekhi, i-micropower wireless, i-LoRa, i-ZigBee, ne-WiFi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, futhi inwetshiwe ukuze ifake i-interface ye-M-bus jikelele, ukuxhumana kwe-485 Bus interfaces.Ngenani elikhulu lamamojula namachweba asekela ubuchwepheshe bokuxhumana obuhlukene, izinga lokuxhumana lingaqinisekiswa futhi liguquke.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemishini ehlukene yokuxhumana, imojula yokuxhumana ingalayisha kakhulu ukuvikela futhi ilawule umthamo wokuthwala.Wonke amamojula kanye nesisekelo setheminali yedivayisi azivumelanisa ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi afanise, asikho isidingo sokusetha amapharamitha.
Isiguquli esibonakalayo sokuxhumana singasekela ukufinyelela kwamamitha ahlakaniphile kokucaciswa okuhlukahlukene, okudinga futhi amamitha ahlakaniphile ukuthi abe yimodular futhi ahlanganiswe, ukuze kuxazululwe ngempumelelo izidingo zepulaki nokudlala.
Idizayini ye-modular nedidiyelwe yamamitha kagesi ahlakaniphile izonciphisa inani elikhulu lokumoshwa kwezinsiza futhi inciphise ingcindezi yezindleko kanye nokucindezela kokwakhiwa kwezinkampani zikagesi.Ngeke nje yehlise izindleko zokutholwa kanye nezindleko zokuphatha zezinkampani zamandla, kodwa futhi izothuthukisa ulwazi lomsebenzisi nokuphepha kwesicelo kubasebenzisi bamandla.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-10-2020