Iimitha ezihlakaniphileZiitheminali ehlakaniphile yegridi ehlakaniphile.Ukulungelelanisa ukusetyenziswa kwegridi ehlakaniphile kunye namandla avuselelekayo, inemisebenzi yokugcinwa kolwazi lwamandla, i-bi-direction multiple-tariff measurement, ulawulo lwabasebenzisi bokugqibela, imowudi yokudlulisa idatha yeendlela ezimbini zonxibelelwano lwedatha kunye nomsebenzi wokuchasana nokuphazamisa, ngaphandle komsebenzi wesiseko sombane esisisiseko sokulinganisa iwatt-yure yokulinganisa.
Umgaqo osebenzayo wemitha yombane onobuchule kukuba imitha yombane ivelisa kuqala idatha: Inxalenye ye-A/D yokuguqula iisampulu zemiqondiso ye-analog ibe yimiqondiso yedijithali, emva koko idibanise kwaye ihlalutye idatha yamandla nge-microcomputer yetshiphu enye kwimitha.Emva koko, idatha igcinwe kwi-cache chip, kwaye umsebenzisi unokuyifunda nge-interface ehambelanayo kunye neprotocol.Ngokutsho kokusetyenziswa kweemitha zombane, ngoko abavelisi abahlukeneyo baya kusebenzisa i-infrared, i-wireless, i-wireless, i-GPRS, i-Ethernet kunye nezinye iindlela zokudlulisa idatha kumncedisi, ukuze kufezekiswe ukufundwa kweemitha ezikude.
Uphuhliso lwangoku lweshishini leemitha ezihlakaniphile laseTshayina luphawulwa ngokumodareyitha, ukunxibelelana, ukucwangciswa kwenkqubo kunye nobukrelekrele ngokuthembela kwigridi ehlakaniphile kunye nengqikelelo yolawulo lwangoku kunye nokusetyenziswa komgangatho wokulinganisa okwinqanaba eliphezulu (AMI), ulawulo olusebenzayo, unxibelelwano olukwisantya esiphezulu, ukugcinwa okukhawulezayo kunye nobunye ubuchwephesha. .Ukuthembeka okuphezulu, ubukrelekrele, ukuchaneka okuphezulu, ukusebenza okuphezulu kunye ne-multi-parameter kuya kuba ngumkhwa wophuhliso lobuchwepheshe bemitha yombane.
Imisebenzi yemodyuli yeemitha ezihlakaniphile
Okwangoku, uyilo oludibeneyo olusebenzayo lusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiimitha zombane.Ukusebenza kwemodyuli yokulinganisa imitha yombane ichaphazeleka lula ngokuyila enye i-hardware kunye nesofthiwe, ngelixa i-metering part yemitha yombane ichaphazeleka ngokulula ngomonakalo okanye ukungaphumeleli kweminye imisebenzi.Ngoko ke, xa imitha yombane ingaphumeleli, imitha yonke inokutshintshwa kuphela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kakuhle kwemitha yombane.Oku kubopheleleka ekunyuseni iindleko zokulondolozwa kweemitha zombane ezikrelekrele, kodwa kubangele inkcitho emandla yobutyebi.Ukuba idizayini yemodyuli yemitha yombane ekrelekrele ifezekisiwe, kuphela imodyuli yempazamo ehambelanayo inokutshintshwa ngokwenqaku lempazamo.Oku kuya kunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zokugcinwa kwemihla ngemihla kweenkampani zamandla angaphambili.
Ukuze kuthintelwe inkqubo yeemitha zombane ukuba ingaphazanyiswa kwaye iqinisekise ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka komsebenzi wokulinganisa iimitha zombane, i-State Grid Corporation yaseChina ayivumeli ukuphuculwa kwesoftware ye-intanethi yeemitha zombane.Ngokusasazeka ngokubanzi kweemitha zombane ezihlakaniphile e-China, iingxaki ezininzi kunye neemfuno zivela.Ukuze kusonjululwe iingxaki ezindala kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfuno ezintsha, i-State Grid Company inokuqhuba kuphela ithenda entsha ngokuhlaziya imigangatho.Iinkampani zikamasipala zasekhaya zinokususa kuphela zonke iimitha zombane ezibekiweyo kwaye zifake ezitsha endaweni yazo.Le ndlela yokuphucula ayinayo kuphela umjikelo omde kunye neendleko eziphezulu, kodwa ibangela isixa esikhulu senkunkuma yobutyebi, nto leyo izisa uxinzelelo olukhulu lweendleko kunye noxinzelelo lokwakha kwiNkampani yeGrid karhulumente.Ukuba idizayini yemodyuli yeemitha zombane ohlakaniphileyo ifezekisiwe, i-metering kunye ne-non-metering parts of metremeters ingenziwa kwiimodyuli ezizimeleyo ezisebenzayo.Ukuphuculwa kwesoftware kunye nehardware yeemodyuli ezingezizo eze-metrological aziyi kuchaphazela iimodyuli ezingundoqo ze-metrological.Oku akuqinisekisi kuphela ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka komsebenzi wokulinganisa iimitha zombane, kodwa uhlangabezana neemfuno eziguqukayo zokusebenza kwabahlali kwinkqubo yokusetyenziswa kombane.
Imitha yombane iya kusebenzisa ubume bemodyuli.Iya kuba nesiseko kunye nezinye izinto eziguquguqukayo zonxibelelwano, izixhobo ze-I / O, izixhobo zokulawula kunye neemodyuli, kunye nokusebenza ngokwezifiso.Zonke iimodyuli zinokuthi zitshintshwe kwaye zidibaniswe ukufezekisa ulungelelwaniso oluhlukeneyo lomsebenzi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo.Ukongeza, onke amacandelo kunye neemodyuli zinokudityaniswa kwaye zidlalwe, ukuchongwa okuzenzekelayo.
I-Software iya kuba yimodyuli kwixesha elizayo, ngokusekelwe kwinkqubo yokusebenza edibeneyo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ulwakhiwo lwesoftware olusisiseko lweetheminali ezikrelekrele luyahambelana, ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana kwesoftware yesiphelo esikrelekrele.
Uyilo lweemodyuli zeemitha zombane ezihlakaniphile luneenzuzo ezilandelayo: Okokuqala, kuphela ngokutshintshela inxalenye yeemodyuli ezisebenzayo apho iimitha zombane zinokuthi ziphuculwe kwaye zitshintshwe ngaphandle kokutshintsha zonke iimitha zombane, ukuze kususwe iziphene zokutshintshwa kwebhetshi, ukupheliswa. kunye nokwakhiwa ngokutsha kwenkqubo okubangelwa kukungatshintshi kuyilo lweemitha zombane eziqhelekileyo;Okwesibini, ngenxa yokumodareyithwa kwemisebenzi kunye nomgangatho wesakhiwo, kunokwenzeka ukutshintsha ukuxhomekeka ngokugqithiseleyo kwenkampani yamandla kwimveliso yomenzi wemitha enye, kwaye unikeze ithuba lophando kunye nophuhliso lweemitha zombane ezisemgangathweni.Okwesithathu, iimodyuli eziphosakeleyo zingatshintshwa yi-site okanye ukuphuculwa okude ukuze kuphuculwe ukugcinwa nokugcina iindleko zokugcinwa.
Ukudityaniswa kojongano lweemitha ezihlakaniphile
Ukuvela kweemitha zombane ukusuka kwiimitha zomatshini zakudala ukuya kwiimitha ezihlakaniphile zigubungela inkqubo yokudibanisa i-interface yeemitha zombane.I-smart Grid ifuna ukubhida amashumi ezigidi zeewatt-yure meter ngonyaka.Ubuninzi bukhulu, bubandakanya amakhulu emizi-mveliso yeemitha, ababoneleli beetshiphu, amazibuko, ababoneleli, ukusuka kwi-R&D ukuya kulungiso lweempazamo kwimveliso, emva koko ukufakwa.Ukuba akukho mgangatho odibeneyo, uya kwandisa iindleko zokubona okukhulu, iindleko zokulawula.Kubasebenzisi bamandla, iindidi ze-interfaces zibophelelekile ukuba zichaphazele amava omsebenzisi kunye nokhuseleko lwesicelo.Imitha yombane ehlakaniphile ene-interface edibeneyo iqonda umgangatho wophando kunye noyilo lophuhliso, i-automation yokuqinisekiswa kwemveliso, umgangatho wokulawulwa kwendawo yokugcina impahla, ukuhlanganiswa kokuphunyezwa kunye nokufakwa, kunye nolwazi lwentlawulo yekopi kunye nokufunda.Ukongeza, kunye nokukhuthazwa kweskimu sokuqokelelwa kweemitha ezine zamanzi, umbane, igesi kunye nobushushu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-Intanethi yezinto zobuchwepheshe, iimitha zombane ezikrelekrele ezinonxibelelwano oludibeneyo ziyimveliso ehambelana nobudala bolwazi, ihambelana ne iimpawu zobukrelekrele kunye nolwazi lwezixhobo ezikrelekrele, kunye nokuhlangabezana nemfuno yentengiso yoqhagamshelo lwezinto zonke.
Ngokubhekiselele kwi-interface, isiseko kunye nemodyuli iya kuphunyezwa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokusebenzisana ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nokuqaphela ngokuzenzekelayo kwixesha elizayo, kunye nokulungiswa kweprotocol yonxibelelwano kuya kuzaliseka.Ngokusekelwe kuyo ukufezekisa ukulungelelanisa okusebenzayo, imodeli yesofthiwe yesicelo iyadingeka ukuba idibaniswe.Ngokusekwe kule modeli, iimodyuli ezahlukeneyo ezisebenzayo zinokuphuhliswa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo.
Amacandelo aphambili onxibelelwano lwe-converter interface yi-modular kuyilo kwaye inokuxhasa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zobuchwepheshe bonxibelelwano, kubandakanywa unxibelelwano lomthwali, i-micropower wireless, i-LoRa, i-ZigBee, kunye ne-WiFi.Ukongeza, kwandiswe ukuquka ujongano jikelele lweM-bus, unxibelelwano lwama-485 Ujongano lwebhasi.Ngenani elikhulu leemodyuli kunye namachweba axhasa itekhnoloji yonxibelelwano ezahlukeneyo, izinga lonxibelelwano linokuqinisekiswa kwaye lilungelelaniswe.Ukongeza, kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo zonxibelelwano, imodyuli yonxibelelwano inomthwalo wokukhusela kunye nokulawula umthamo wokuthwala.Zonke iimodyuli kunye nesiseko se-terminal yesixhobo siziqhelanisa ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye sidibanise, akukho mfuneko yokuseta iiparamitha.
I-converter ye-interface yonxibelelwano inokuxhasa ukufikelela kweemitha ezihlakaniphile kwiinkcazo ezahlukeneyo, ezifuna kwakhona iimitha ezihlakaniphile ukuba zibe yimodyuli kunye nokudibanisa, ukwenzela ukusombulula ngokufanelekileyo iplagi kunye neemfuno zokudlala.
Uyilo lwemodyuli kunye noludibeneyo lwemitha yombane ohlakaniphile luya kunciphisa ubuninzi benkcitho yemithombo kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo lweendleko kunye noxinzelelo lokwakhiwa kweenkampani zamandla.Ayiyi kunciphisa kuphela iindleko zokubona kunye neendleko zokulawula iinkampani zamandla, kodwa ziphucula amava omsebenzisi kunye nokhuseleko lwesicelo kubasebenzisi bamandla.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-10-2020