Imitha yombane okrelekrele yenye yezixhobo ezisisiseko zokufumana idatha yegridi yamandla ahlakaniphile (ingakumbi inethiwekhi yokuhambisa amandla ahlakaniphile).Lenza imisebenzi yokufumana idatha, umlinganiselo kunye nokuhanjiswa kwamandla ombane okuqala, kwaye sisiseko sokudibanisa ulwazi, ukuhlalutya kunye nokwenza ngcono kunye nokunikezela ngolwazi.Ukongeza kumsebenzi osisiseko wokulinganisa iimitha zombane zemveli, iimitha zombane okrelekrele nazo zinemisebenzi yokulinganisa iindlela ezimbini zeereyithi ezahlukeneyo, umsebenzi wolawulo lomsebenzisi, umsebenzi wonxibelelwano lwedatha yeendlela ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zothumelo lwedatha, umsebenzi ochasene ne-tamperin kunye nezinye. imisebenzi ehlakaniphile, ukulungelelanisa ukusetyenziswa kwegridi zamandla ahlakaniphile kunye namandla avuselelweyo.
I-Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) kunye ne-Automatic Meter Reading (AMR) inkqubo eyakhelwe kwisiseko sokulinganisa umbane ohlakaniphile unokubonelela abasebenzisi ngolwazi oluthe kratya lokusetyenziswa kombane, okubenza bakwazi ukulawula kakuhle ukusetyenziswa kwabo kombane ukuze bafezekise injongo yokonga umbane kunye nokunciphisa. ukukhutshwa kwegesi yegreenhouse.Abathengisi bombane banokubeka ngokuguquguqukayo ixabiso le-TOU ngokwemfuno yabasebenzisi ukukhuthaza uhlaziyo lwenkqubo yexabiso lemarike yombane.Iinkampani zokusasaza ziyakwazi ukubona iimpazamo ngokukhawuleza kwaye ziphendule ngexesha elifanelekileyo ukuqinisa ulawulo lwenethiwekhi yamandla kunye nolawulo.
Izixhobo ezisisiseko zamandla kunye namandla, ukuqokelelwa kwedatha yamandla ombane eluhlaza, umlinganiselo kunye nokuhanjiswa kunokuthembeka okuphezulu, ukuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi, njl.
Ingcamango Inkcazo
ESMA
▪ Inkampani yoMbane yakwaEskom yaseMzantsi Afrika
IDRM
eTshayina
2 Umgaqo Wokusebenza
3 ukuhlelwa
▪ Ukudityaniswa kombane
▪ Isebenza nge-elektroniki ngokupheleleyo
4. Iimpawu zoMsebenzi
5. Izicelo eziphambili
6. Iingenelo
Iingcamango
Ingqikelelo yeSmart Meter isukela emva koo-1990.Xa iimitha zombane we-static zaqala ukubonakala ngo-1993, zazixabisa amaxesha angama-10 ukuya kwangama-20 ngaphezu kweemitha zombane, ngoko ke zazisetyenziswa ikakhulu ngabasebenzisi abakhulu.Ngokunyuka kwenani leemitha zombane ezikwaziyo ukunxibelelana ngomnxeba, kuyafuneka ukuba kuphuhliswe inkqubo entsha yokuqonda ukufundwa kweemitha kunye nolawulo lwedatha.Kwiinkqubo ezinjalo, idatha yokulinganisa iqala ukuvulwa kwiinkqubo ezifana nokusabalalisa okuzenzekelayo, kodwa ezi nkqubo azikakwazi ukusebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo idatha efanelekileyo.Ngokufanayo, idatha yokusetyenziswa kwamandla ngexesha langempela ukusuka kwiimitha ezihlawulelwayo azifane zisetyenziswe kwizicelo ezifana nolawulo lwamandla okanye amanyathelo okugcina amandla.
Ngenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji, iimitha zombane omileyo eziveliswe ngobuninzi zinokufumana ukusetyenzwa kwedatha enamandla kunye nomthamo wokugcina ngexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu, ngaloo ndlela ukukwazi ukukhuthaza inqanaba lobukrelekrele bemitha yombane yabasebenzisi abancinci kuphuculwe kakhulu, kwaye iimitha zombane omileyo ziye ngokuthe ngcembe. ithathe indawo yeemitha zombane zombane zesiqhelo.
Ukuqonda "i-Smart Meter", akukho ngcamango edibeneyo okanye umgangatho wamazwe ngamazwe kwihlabathi.Ingqikelelo yeSmart Electric Meter ikholisa ukwamkelwa eYurophu, ngelixa igama elithi smart Electric Meter libhekisa kwiimitha zombane ezikrelekrele.EUnited States, ingcamango ye-Advanced Meter yasetyenziswa, kodwa into efanayo.Nangona imitha yombane iguqulelwe njengesixhobo sokulinganisa esinesmart okanye imitha yombane, ibhekisa ikakhulu kwimitha yombane ekrelekrele.Imibutho eyahlukeneyo yamazwe ngamazwe, amaziko ophando kunye namashishini anike iinkcazo ezahlukeneyo ze "Smart Meter" ngokudibanisa neemfuno ezihambelanayo zokusebenza.
ESMA
I-European Smart Metering Alliance (ESMA) ichaza iimpawu ze-Metering ukuchaza iimitha zombane we-Smart.
(1) Ukucutshungulwa ngokuzenzekelayo, ukuhanjiswa, ulawulo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwedatha yokulinganisa;
(2) Ulawulo oluzenzekelayo lwemitha yombane;
(3) Unxibelelwano lweendlela ezimbini phakathi kweemitha zombane;
(4) Ukubonelela ngolwazi olusexesheni noluxabisekileyo lokusetyenziswa kwamandla kubathathi-nxaxheba abafanelekileyo (kubandakanywa abasebenzisi bamandla) ngaphakathi kwenkqubo yokulinganisa iimitha;
(5) Ukuxhasa ukuphuculwa kwamandla okusebenza kunye neenkonzo zeenkqubo zolawulo lwamandla (isizukulwana, ukuhanjiswa, ukuhanjiswa, kunye nokusetyenziswa).
Inkampani yoMbane kaEskom yaseMzantsi Afrika
Xa kuthelekiswa neimitha zemveli, iimitha ezihlakaniphile zinokubonelela ngolwazi olungakumbi lokusetyenziswa, olunokuthunyelwa kwiiseva zendawo ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi ethile nangaliphi na ixesha ukufezekisa injongo yokulawula ukulinganisa kunye nokuhlawula.Ikwabandakanya:
(1) Iintlobo ngeentlobo zetekhnoloji eziphambili zidityanisiwe;
(2) Ukufundwa kweemitha ngexesha langempela okanye okwexesha lokwenyani;
(3) Iimpawu zomthwalo oneenkcukacha;
(4) Ingxelo yokumka kombane;
(5) Ukujongwa komgangatho wamandla.
IDRM
NgokweMpendulo yeMfuno kunye neNxulumaniso yoKulinganisa okuPhakamileyo (i-DRAM), iimitha zombane ezikrelekrele kufuneka zikwazi ukufezekisa le misebenzi ilandelayo:
(1) Ukulinganisa idatha yamandla ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo, kuquka iyure okanye ixesha eligunyazisiweyo;
(2) Ukuvumela abasebenzisi bamandla, iinkampani zamandla kunye nee-arhente zenkonzo ukuba bathengise amandla ngamaxabiso ahlukeneyo;
(3) Ukubonelela ngeminye idatha kunye nemisebenzi yokuphucula umgangatho wenkonzo yamandla kunye nokusombulula iingxaki kwinkonzo.
eTshayina
Isixhobo esihlakaniphile esichazwe eChina sisixhobo esine-microprocessor njengesiseko sayo, esinokugcina ulwazi lokulinganisa kunye nokwenza uhlalutyo lwexesha langempela, ukudibanisa kunye nesigwebo seziphumo zokulinganisa.Ngokuqhelekileyo inomsebenzi wokulinganisa okuzenzekelayo, amandla okusebenza kwedatha enamandla, ukulungelelaniswa kwe-zero ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nokuguqulwa kweyunithi, i-fault prompt, i-man-machine interaction function, exhotywe ngepaneli yokusebenza kunye nokubonisa, kunye neqondo elithile lobukrelekrele bokwenziwa.Iimitha zombane ezisebenza ngezinto ezininzi zombane ezinee-microprocessors zidla ngokuchazwa njengeemitha zombane ezikrelekrele, kwaye iimpawu ezinje ngemisebenzi yonxibelelwano (i-carrier, i-GPRS, i-ZigBee, njl.njl.), ukulinganisa kwabasebenzisi abaninzi, kunye nemitha kubasebenzisi abathile (abanje ngeenqwelo zombane) zingeniswa Ingqikelelo yeemitha zombane ezikrelekrele.
Inokuthi ithathelwe ingqalelo ngokubanzi njenge: imitha yombane ekrelekrele esekwe kwisicelo semicroprocessor kunye nethekhnoloji yonxibelelwano lwenethiwekhi njengondoqo wesixhobo esikrelekrele, ukulinganisa okuzenzekelayo / ukulinganisa, ukusetyenzwa kwedatha, unxibelelwano lweendlela ezimbini kunye nesakhono sokwandisa umsebenzi, unokufikelela kumlinganiselo we-bidirectional, kude/ unxibelelwano lwengingqi, ukusebenzisana kwexesha lokwenyani kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo zamaxabiso ombane, unikezelo lwamandla olukude, ukujonga umgangatho wamandla, ukufundwa kwemitha yobushushu bamanzi, ukusebenzisana nabasebenzisi, kunye neminye imisebenzi.Iinkqubo zokulinganisa i-Smart metering ezisekwe kwiimitha ezihlakaniphile zinokuxhasa iimfuno zegridi ezihlakaniphile zolawulo lomthwalo, ukufikelela kumandla asasazwayo, ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla, ukuthunyelwa kwegridi, ukurhweba kwimarike yamandla, kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa.
Ukuhlela umgaqo osebenzayo
Imitha yombane ekrelekrele sisixhobo sokulinganisa esiphuhlileyo esiqokelela, sihlalutye kwaye silawule idatha yolwazi lwamandla ombane ngokusekwe kubuchwephesha bonxibelelwano bale mihla, ubuchwepheshe bekhompyuter kunye nobuchwepheshe bokulinganisa.Umgaqo osisiseko wemitha yombane okrelekrele ngulo: thembela kwi-A/D converter okanye i-metering chip ukwenza uqokelelo lwexesha lokwenyani lwangoku kunye ne-voltage yomsebenzisi, ukwenza uhlalutyo kunye nokusetyenzwa nge-CPU, ukuqonda ukubalwa kwendlela elungileyo kunye nengalunganga, intlambo yencopho. okanye ezine-quadrant zamandla ombane, kunye nokukhupha ngakumbi umxholo wombane ngonxibelelwano, umboniso kunye nezinye iindlela.
Ubume kunye nomgaqo wokusebenza wemitha yombane okrelekrele wombane wahluke kakhulu kwimitha yombane yokufakelwa kwemveli.
Ukuqulunqwa kweemitha zombane ezikrelekrele
I-ammeter yohlobo lokungeniswa ikakhulu yenziwe ngepleyiti ye-aluminium, ikhoyili yamandla ombane yangoku, umazibuthe osisigxina kunye nezinye izinto.Umgaqo wayo wokusebenza ulinganiswa ikakhulu yintsebenziswano yangoku ye-eddy eyenziwa yikhoyili yangoku kunye nepleyiti ehambayo ehambayo.Kwaye imitha ye-electronic smart imitha ubukhulu becala yenziwe ngamacandelo e-elektroniki kwaye umgaqo wayo wokusebenza usekwe kumbane wonikezelo lwamandla ombane kunye nesampulu yexesha lokwenyani langoku, iphinda isebenzise isekethe edityanisiweyo yemitha yeyure ye-watt, isampula yombane kunye nokusetyenzwa komqondiso wangoku, ukuguqulela ku i-pulse output, ekugqibeleni ilawulwa yi-microcomputer ye-chip enye yokusetyenzwa, umboniso we-pulse wokusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nemveliso.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, sibiza inani lee-pulses ezikhutshwa yi-A/D converter njenge-pulse constant xa ulinganisa idigri enye yombane kwi-smart meter.Kwi-smart meter, oku kubaluleke kakhulu ngokungaguqukiyo, kuba inani le-pulses elikhutshwa yi-A/D converter ngexesha leyunithi liya kuqinisekisa ngokuthe ngqo ukuchaneka komlinganiselo wemitha.
Ukuhlelwa koMbane woMbane
Ngokumalunga nolwakhiwo, imitha ye-watt-hour ehlakaniphile inokwahlulwa ngokufanelekileyo ibe ngamacandelo amabini: imitha edibeneyo ye-electromechanical kunye ne-electronic meter yonke.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-electromechanical
Electromechanical all in one, ezizezi kwi-original meter meter edityaniswe kwiindawo ezithile sele igqibezele imisebenzi efunekayo, nokunciphisa iindleko kwaye kulula ukuyifaka.Iskimu soyilo lwalo ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphandle kokutshabalalisa isakhiwo somzimba wemitha yangoku, ngaphandle kokutshintsha i-original kwisiseko somgangatho wokulinganisa wesizwe, ngokongeza isixhobo sokuvalelwa ukuze sijike sibe imitha yomatshini kunye nemveliso ye-pulse yombane, ukuvumelanisa ukubala kwe-elektroniki kunye nokubala ngomatshini.Ukuchaneka kwayo kokulinganisa akukho ngaphantsi kwemitha yohlobo lwemitha yomatshini jikelele.Esi sikimu soyilo samkela iteknoloji evuthiweyo yemitha yokuva yasekuqaleni, esetyenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwetafile endala.
I-Electronic epheleleyo
Lonke uhlobo lwe-elektroniki lusebenzisa isixhobo sombane esidityanisiweyo sesekethe njengondoqo ukusuka kumlinganiso ukuya ekusetyenzweni kwedatha, ukulahla amacandelo oomatshini kwaye ineempawu zomthamo oncitshisiweyo, ukuthembeka okwandisiweyo, ngokuchanekileyo ngakumbi, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, kunye nokuphucula kakhulu inkqubo yokuvelisa. .
Iimbonakalo
(1) Ukuthembeka
Ukuchaneka akutshintshi ixesha elide, akukho kulungelelaniswa kwevili, akukho ukufakela kunye nemiphumo yokuthutha, njl.
(2) Ukuchaneka
Uluhlu olubanzi, into ebanzi yamandla, qala ubuthathaka, njl.
(3) Umsebenzi
Inokuphumeza imisebenzi yokufunda imitha ephakathi, imilinganiselo emininzi, intlawulo yangaphambili, ukuthintela ukubiwa kwamandla, kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfuno zeenkonzo zokufikelela kwi-Intanethi.
(4) Ukusebenza kweendleko
Ukusebenza kweendleko eziphezulu, kunokugcinelwa imisebenzi yokwandisa, echaphazelekayo ngexabiso lezinto eziphathekayo, ezifana nencinci.
5Xa amandla asele kumitha alingana namandla e-alamu, amandla okukhwela anqunyulwe kanye, umsebenzisi kufuneka afake ikhadi le-IC ukubuyisela ukunikezelwa kwamandla, umsebenzisi kufuneka athenge amandla ngexesha elifanelekileyo ngeli xesha.
(6) Ukukhuselwa kwedatha
Itekhnoloji yesekethe edibeneyo yelizwe lonke iyamkelwa ukukhuselwa kwedatha, kwaye idatha inokugcinwa iminyaka engaphezu kwe-10 emva kokungaphumeleli kwamandla.
(7) Umbane ozenzekelayo ucinyiwe
Xa umyinge oseleyo wombane kwimitha yombane unguziro, imitha iya kuzikhubeka ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye iphazamise unikezelo lombane.Ngeli xesha, umsebenzisi kufuneka athenge umbane ngexesha.
(8) Bhala umva umsebenzi
Ikhadi lamandla linokubhala ukusetyenziswa kombane okuqokelelweyo, amandla ashiyekileyo kunye nombane wokunqumla umbane ubuyela kwi-system yokuthengisa umbane ukwenzela ukuba kube lula kulawulo lwamanani esebe lolawulo.
(9) Umsebenzi wokuhlola isampulu yomsebenzisi
Isoftware yentengiso yombane inokubonelela ngesampulu yedatha yokuhlola ukusetyenziswa kombane kwaye ibonelele ngokubaluleka kwesampulu yolandelelwano lwabasebenzisi njengoko kufuneka.
(10) Umbuzo wamandla
Faka ikhadi le-IC ukubonisa amandla ewonke athengiweyo, inani lamandla athengiweyo, amandla okugqibela athengiweyo, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okongezelekayo kunye namandla aseleyo.
(11) Ukukhuselwa kwe-overvoltage
Xa umthwalo wangempela udlula ixabiso elimiselweyo, imitha iya kunqumla amandla ngokuzenzekelayo, ifake ikhadi lomthengi, kwaye ibuyisele ukunikezelwa kwamandla.
Izicelo eziphambili
(1) Ukuhlaliswa kwentlawulo kunye nokubalwa kwemali
Imitha yombane ekrelekrele inokuqonda ukusetyenzwa kolwazi lweendleko ezichanekileyo kunye nexesha lokwenyani, elenza lula inkqubo entsonkothileyo yokusetyenzwa kweakhawunti kwixesha elidlulileyo.Kwimeko yemarike yamandla, abathumeli banokutshintsha abathengisi bamandla ngexesha kwaye ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye baqonde ukutshintsha okuzenzekelayo kwixesha elizayo.Kwangaxeshanye, abasebenzisi banokufumana ulwazi oluchanekileyo kunye nexesha elifanelekileyo lokusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nolwazi lwe-accounting.
(2) Uqikelelo lwelizwe losasazo lwenethiwekhi
Ulwazi lokusasazwa kwamandla ombane kwicala lothungelwano losasazo aluchanekanga, ikakhulu ngenxa yokuba ulwazi lufunyenwe ngokucutshungulwa okubanzi komfuziselo womnatha, ixabiso loqikelelo lomthwalo kunye nolwazi lokulinganisa kwicala le-high-voltage ye-substation.Ngokudibanisa iindawo zokulinganisa kwicala labasebenzisi, ulwazi oluchanekileyo ngakumbi lomthwalo kunye nelahleko yothungelwano luya kufumaneka, ngaloo ndlela kuthintelwe ukugcwala kunye nokuhla komgangatho wamandla wezixhobo zamandla.Ngokudibanisa inani elikhulu ledatha yokulinganisa, uqikelelo lwelizwe elingaziwayo lunokuphunyezwa kwaye ukuchaneka kwedatha yokulinganisa kunokujongwa.
(3) Umgangatho wamandla kunye nokuthembeka kokunikezelwa kwamandla esweni
Iimitha zombane ezikrelekrele zinokubeka esweni umgangatho wamandla kunye nemeko yobonelelo lwamandla ngexesha lokwenyani, ukuze kuphendulwe izikhalazo zabasebenzisi kwangethuba nangokuchanekileyo, kwaye kuthathe amanyathelo kwangethuba ukuthintela iingxaki zobulunga bamandla.Indlela yokuhlalutya umgangatho wamandla emveli inesikhewu ngexesha langempela kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
(4) Uhlalutyo lomthwalo, imodeli kunye nokuqikelelwa
Idatha yamanzi, igesi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla obushushu aqokelelwe ngamamitha ombane ahlakaniphile angasetyenziselwa uhlalutyo lomthwalo kunye nokuqikelelwa.Ngokuhlalutya ngokubanzi olu lwazi lungentla luneempawu zomthwalo kunye notshintsho lwexesha, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla apheleleyo kunye nemfuno ephezulu kunokuqikelelwa kwaye kuqikelelwe.Olu lwazi luya kuququzelela abasebenzisi, abathengisi bamandla kunye nabaqhubi bothungelwano lokuhambisa ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kombane ngengqiqo, ukonga amandla kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa, kunye nokwandisa ukucwangciswa kwegridi kunye nokucwangcisa.
(5) Impendulo yecala lemfuno yamandla
Impendulo yecala lemfuno ithetha ukulawula imithwalo yabasebenzisi kunye nokusasazwa kokuveliswa ngamaxabiso ombane.Ibandakanya ukulawulwa kwexabiso kunye nokulawula umthwalo ngokuthe ngqo.Ulawulo lwamaxabiso ngokubanzi lubandakanya ixesha lokusetyenziswa, ixesha lokwenyani kunye namazinga encopho kaxakeka ukuhlangabezana rhoqo, ixesha elifutshane kunye nemfuno ephezulu, ngokulandelelanayo.Ulawulo oluthe ngqo lomthwalo ludla ngokufezekiswa yi-dispatcher yenethiwekhi ngokwemeko yenethiwekhi ngomyalelo okude wokufikelela kunye nokuqhawula umthwalo.
(6) Ukubeka iliso nokulawula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla
Ngokubuyisela ulwazi malunga nokusetyenziswa kwamandla kwiimitha ezihlakaniphile, abasebenzisi banokukhuthazwa ukuba banciphise ukusetyenziswa kwamandla abo okanye batshintshe indlela abayisebenzisa ngayo.Kumakhaya axhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokuvelisa ezisasazwayo, inokuphinda ibonelele abasebenzisi ngemveliso yamandla enengqiqo kunye nezicwangciso zokusetyenziswa kwamandla ukuze kwandiswe izibonelelo zabasebenzisi.
(7) Ulawulo lwamandla omsebenzisi
Ngokubonelela ngolwazi, iimitha ezihlakaniphile zingakhiwa kwinkqubo yokulawula amandla omsebenzisi, kubasebenzisi abahlukeneyo (abasebenzisi abahlala, abasebenzisi bezorhwebo kunye namashishini, njl. njl.) Ukubonelela ngeenkonzo zolawulo lwamandla, kulawulo lwendalo yangaphakathi (ubushushu, umswakama, ukukhanya , njl.) ngexesha elifanayo, ngokusemandleni ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, qaphela iinjongo zokunciphisa ukukhutshwa.
(8) Ukonga amandla
Ukubonelela abasebenzisi ngedatha yokusetyenziswa kwamandla ngexesha lokwenyani, khuthaza abasebenzisi ukuba balungelelanise imikhwa yabo yokusebenzisa amandla, kwaye bafumane kwangexesha ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okungaqhelekanga okubangwa kukusilela kwesixhobo.Ngokusekelwe kwithekhnoloji ebonelelwa ngeemitha ezihlakaniphile, iinkampani zamandla, ababoneleli bezixhobo kunye nabanye abathathi-nxaxheba beemarike banokubonelela abasebenzisi ngeemveliso kunye neenkonzo ezintsha, ezifana neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokwabelana ngexesha lokwabelana ngamaxabiso ombane womnatha, izivumelwano zombane kunye nokuthenga-umva, izivumelwano zombane zexabiso lendawo. , njl.
(9) Intsapho ekrelekrele
Ikhaya elihlakaniphile
Ikhaya elihlakaniphile likhaya apho izixhobo ezahlukeneyo, oomatshini kunye nezinye izixhobo zokusebenzisa amandla zixhunyiwe kwinethiwekhi kwaye zilawulwa ngokweemfuno kunye nokuziphatha kwabahlali, ukushisa kwangaphandle kunye nezinye iiparitha.Inokuqonda ukudityaniswa kokufudumeza, i-alam, ukukhanya, ukungena komoya kunye nezinye iinkqubo, ukuze iqonde ulawulo olukude lwe-automation yasekhaya kunye nezixhobo kunye nezinye izixhobo.
(10) Ukugcinwa kokuthintela kunye nohlalutyo lwempazamo
Umsebenzi wokulinganisa wemitha yombane okrelekrele unceda ekuqondeni uthintelo kunye nokugcinwa kwamacandelo othungelwano losasazo, iimitha zombane kunye nezixhobo zomsebenzisi, ezinjengokubona ukugqwetheka kwe-voltage waveform, i-harmonic, ukungalingani kunye nezinye izinto ezibangelwa yimpazamo yezixhobo zombane kunye neziphene zomhlaba.Idatha yokulinganisa inokunceda igridi kunye nabasebenzisi bahlalutye ukusilela kwecandelo legridi kunye nelahleko.
(11) Intlawulo kwangaphambili
Iimitha ze-Smart zibonelela ngeendleko eziphantsi, ezibhetyebhetye ngakumbi kunye nendlela yobuhlobo ehlawulelwa kwangaphambili kuneendlela eziqhelekileyo zokuhlawula kwangaphambili.
(12) Ulawulo lweemitha zombane
Ulawulo lomitha lubandakanya: ulawulo lwempahla yemitha yofakelo;Ukugcinwa kolwazi lwemitha;Ukufikelela ngamaxesha athile kwimitha;Qinisekisa ukufakwa kunye nokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwemitha;Qinisekisa indawo yeemitha kunye nokuchaneka kolwazi lomsebenzisi, njl.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-04-2020